tUm. k-Xo-jv
a-e-¸pdw
Zriyw þ
B-Zn-{]-cq-]-§fpw \m-\mÀ-°-§-fpw
hy-àn-¡v F¶ t]m-se k-aq-l-¯n\pw
t_m-[-a-\Êpw A--t_m-[ a-\Êpw D-s-¶pw k-aqlm-t_m-[-a-\-Ênsâ (Collective Unconscious) D-ÅS-¡w B-Zn-{]-cq-]-§-fmWv (Archetypes) F-¶p-am-Wv kn.Pn.bp-§n-sâ a-\-im-kv-{X kn-²m-´-¯n-sâ ImXÂ. A-t¸mÄ
B-Zn-{]-cq-]-§Ä I-e-I-sf-¡q-Sn kzm-[o-\n-¡p-sa-¶p-d¸v. A-\p-jvTm-\-I-e-IÄ,
\m-tSm-Sn-¡-e-IÄ F-¶n-h-bn-se-¶-t]m-se kn-\n-a-bnepw A-t_m-[-a-\-Ên-sâ
{]-hÀ¯-\w I-s-¯m-\m-hpw. A-ev-]w {]-bm-k-I-c-am-sW-¦n-epw.
]p-cm-hr-¯-§-fp-sS
L-S-I-§-sf-¶ \n-e¡vv tem-I-s¯-¼m-Sp-ap-Å hnhn-[ P-\-X-I-fp-sS C-S-bnÂ
{]-N-cn-¡p-¶-hbpw A-tX-ka-bw A-t_m-[-tN-X-Ên-sâ a-®n th-cq¶nb
ssh-bàn-tIm-Xv-]-¶-§-fm-bn {]-Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶-hbpw kmaqln-I kz-`m-h-ap-Å-h-bpam-b
cq-]-§fpw {]-Xo-I-§fpw F-¶vv kn.Pn.bp-Mv B-Zn-{]--cq-]§-sf \nÀ-Æ-Nn-¡p¶p. an-¡
I-e-Ifpw {]-Xo-I-k-ar-²-amWv. kn-\n-a-bmI-s« {]-Xo-I-§-fp-sS D-]-tbm-K-¯n-\v
Iq-Sp-XÂ km-[y-X-bp-Å I-e-bpw.
kn-\n-a-bn aq-¶p
X-c-¯n B-Zn-{]--cq-]-§Ä D-ÅS-¡w sN-¿-s¸-Sp-¶-Xm-bn Im-Wmw.
1) kn-\n-a-bp-sS {]-ta-b-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«v I-Ym-]m-{X-¯n-sâ
am-\-kn-Im-hn-jv-¡m-c-¯n-sâ `m-K-am-bn.
C-Xv kw-hn-[m-b-IÀ AY-hm Xn-c-¡-Ym-Ir-¯vvv a-\-¸qÀ-Æw
k-¶n-th-in-¸n-¡p-¶-XmWv. D-Zm-l-c-W-¯n-\v I-Ym-]m{Xw Im-Wp-¶ kz-]v-\§Ä,
`m-h-\IÄ, {`m-´³ Nn-´-IÄ F-¶n-h-bp-sS Zr-iym-hn-jv-¡mcw. X-\n-bm-hÀ¯-\w F-¶ kn-\n-a-bn tI-{µ-I-Ym-]m-{X-¯n-sâ
am-\kn-I hn-{`-a-§Ä D-Zm-l-cWw. B I-Ym-]m-{X-¯n-sâ a-\-Ê-dnªvv A-bm-fnÂ
cq-]-s¸-«n-cn-¡m-hp-¶ BÀ¡n-ssS-¸p-I-sf-¡q-Sn ]-cn-K-Wn-¨v Nn-{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶
Zr-iy-§-fm-Wh.
2) kn-\n-a-bn I-Y I-Ym-k-µÀ-`-¯n-\-\p-k-cn-¨v a-\-¸qÀ-Æw
Iq-«n-t¨À-¡-s¸-«h.
I-Ym-]m-{X-¯n-sâ
a-\-Ên cq-]-s¸-«n-cn-¡m-hp-¶ A-Zn-{]-cq-]-§-sf-bà a-dn-¨v k-aq-lmt_m-[-a-\-ÊnÂ
cq-]-s¸-« BÀ-¡n ssS-¸p-I-sf-bm-Wv Xn-c-¡-Ym-Ir-¯v/kw-hn-[m-bI³ C-hn-sS ]-cn-K-Wn-¡p-¶Xv. D-Zm-l-c-W-¯n-\v
{]-Xn-Im-c-Zm-lnbm-b \m-bI-s\ Im-Wn-¡q-t¼mÄ ]-¯n hn-SÀ-¯n-bm-Sp-¶ kÀ-¸-¯n-sâ
Zriyw kw-h-Zn-¡p¶-Xv hÀ-j-§Ä Im-¯n-cp¶pw In-tem-ao-ä-dp-IÄ k-©-cn¨pw
{]-Xn-Im-cw sN-¿p-¶ kÀ-¸-§-sf-¸-än-bp-Å \m-tSm-Sn-¡-Y-IÄ cq-]-s¸-Sp¯n-b
k-aq-l-a-\Ên-t\m-SmWv. B ]-Ým-¯-e-¯n-em-Wv taÂ-¸-d-ª Zriyw {]-k-à-am-hp-¶Xv.
kÀ-¸-§-fp-sS {]-Xn-Im-cw kw-_-Ôn-¨ I-Y-IÄ-¡vvv im-kv-{Xo-b
A-Sn-¯-d-bn-sÃ-¶-Xp-IqSn HmÀ-¡-Ww.
3) kn-\n-am {]-hÀ-¯I-sâ Zriy-t_m-[-¯n-sâ B-hvn-jv-¡m-c-ambn
C-Xv a-\-¸qÀ-Æw
Iq-«n-t¨À-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xà F-¶-Xm-Wv k-hn-tij-X. kw-hn-[m-bI³, Om-bm-{Km-lI³,
I-em-kw-hn-[m-bI³, \-S³ XpS-§n kn-\na-¡p
]n-¶nepw ap-¶nepw {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶ B-cp-sS kw-`m-h-\-bmbpw Cu hn-[-¯n-ep-Å
B-Zn-{]-cq-]-§Ä D-ÅS-¡w sN-¿-s¸-Smw. D-Zm-l-c-W-¯n-\v H-cp {`m-´s\tbm
bm-N-I-s\tbm A-h-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶ H-cp \-S\vv kw-hn-[m-b-I³/Xn-c-¡-Ym-Ir¯vv hn-`mh-\w
sN-bvv-X-Xn-\-¸p-dw B I-Ym-]m-{X-s¯ B-hn-jv-¡-cn-¡m³ A-bm-fp-sS hm-b-\m-io-etam
tI-« \m-tSm-Sn-¡Y-Itfm k-lm-b-I-am-Imw. Im-bw-Ip-fw sIm-¨p-®n-sb-¸-än-bp-Å
I-Y-IÄ H-cp IÅ-s\ cq-]-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn Xn-c-¡-Ym-Ir-¯n-s\ A--t_m-[-am-bn
kzm-[o-\n-¡mw. I-em-kw-hn-[m-b-I³ Zr-iy-`w-Kn-¡p-th-n DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯p¶ Nn-{X§Ä, h-kv-Xp-¡Ä F-¶n-h-sbm-s¡ A-bm-fp-sS
D-Ån-se B-Zn-{]-cq-]-§Ä \nÀ-®-bn-¡p-¶-h-cm-bn-cn-¡pw. C¯-cw L-S-I-§Ä
k-aqlm-t_m-[- a-\-Ên-se
B-Zn-{]-cq-]-§-fp-am-bn kmayw ]p-eÀ-¯p-¶-h-bm-sW-¦n A¯-cw Zr-iy-§-fp-sS
B-kzmZ-\w Iq-Sp-XÂ D-Zm-¯-am-hp-Ibpw AXvv kn-\n-a-bp-sS hn-P-b-¯n-\v
Im-c-W-am-hp-Ibpw sN¿pw. cm-Pm-c-hn-hÀ-½-sb-t¸m-se a-lm³-amcm-b Nn-{X-Im-c³-am-cp-sS
Nn-{X-Iem-ssh-`h-s¯ B-kz-Zn¨pw B-cm-[n¨pw
t]m-cp-¶ tI-cfo-b k-aq-l-¯n-\v {]n-b-ZÀ-i³ Nn-{X-§-fn-se Km-\-cw-K-§-fnÂ
Im-Wp-¶ Zr-iy-`w-Kn G-sd {]n-b-¦-c-am-hp-¶-Xn A-Ûp-X-anÃ-tÃm.
B-Zn-{]-cq-]§-sf
Zr-iy-hÂ-¡-cn-¡p-I- km-[yaÃ. A-Xn-s\ Ir-Xy-am-bn km-ln-Xy cq-]-§-fn-eq-sS
B-hn-jv-¡-cn-¡m-\p-am-hnÃ. F-¶m H-cp kr-ãn-bn (Product)
B-Zn-{]-cq-]-§-fp-sS
km-¶n[yw \-ap-¡vvv Nq-n-¡m-Wn-¡m-\m-hpw. kn\n-a Zr-iy-§-fp-sS
kw-L-Sn-X-cq-]-amWv. Zr-iy-§-fn-e-S§n-b B-Zn-{]-cq-]-§-fp-sS
km-¶n-[y-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p am-{X-am-Wvvv C-\n kq-Nn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv.
t£-{Xw, D-Õhw, I-e-IÄ
F-¶n-h-bp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-« A-`n-am-\-I-cam-b H-cp `q-XIm-e kva-c-W
tI-c-fo-b-k-aq-l-¯n-\p-vv. C-Xv a-ebm-f kn-\n-am-Zr-iy§-sf
kzm-[o-\n-¨n-«p-apv. t£-{X-¯n-sâ hn-Zq-c-Zr-iyw, D-Õ-h-¯n-sâ sIm-Sn-tbäw,
]p-g, sN--tafw, t£-{X-¯n-se sh-Sn-s¡-«vv, hn-{K-l-¯n-sâ k-ao-]-Zriyw F-¶n§-s\
hm-bn-¡p-t¼mÄ Xs¶ Hm-tcm-cp-¯-cp-tSbpw a-\-kn Xm³ I- kn-\n-a-I-fn-se cw-K§Ä
Hm-Sn-sb-¯pw. ]-e kn-\n-a-I-fnepw C¯-cw Zr-iy-§-fn \n-¶m-Wvvvv kn-\n-a-bp-sS
B-cw`w. t{]-£-I k-aq-l-¯n-sâ A-t_m-[-a-\-Ên-se B-im-kyam-b BÀ¡n-ssS-¸pI-sf
D-±o-]n-¸n¨p-sIm-vvv kn-\na-sb a-[p-c-X-cam-b A-\p-`-h-am-¡n-¯oÀ-¡p-¶
{]-{In-b-bm-Wn-hn-sS \-S-¡p-¶Xv. D-Õ-h-§-fpw hy-Xy-kvXI-e-Ifpw hf-sc
hn-]p-e-am-bn Nn-{Xo-I-cn-¨n-«p-Å kn-\n-a-I-fp-sS F-®-¡q-Sp-X-en\pw
kzo-Im-cy-X-¡p-ap-Å Imc-Ww C-Xp-X-s¶-bm-Wv.
asäm-cp-Zm-lc-Ww Iq-Sn
kq-Nn-¸n-¡mw. tI-cfo-b {Km-a-§-fn {]-tXy-In-¨v h-Åp-h-\m-S³ {]-tZ-i-§-fnÂ
`-bhpw Iu-Xp-I-hp-ap-WÀ-¯n-bn-cp-¶ H-¶m-Wv H-Sn-b³ k-¦-ev]w. ]m-Wcpw
]-d-b-cp-am-Wv H-Sn-hn-Zy sN-bv-Xn-cp-¶Xv. sImÃ-s¸-tS- C-c-sb cm{Xn Im-e-§-fnÂ
hn-P-\ Ø-e-§-fn h-¨v t]m¯v, Im-f, Ip-dp¡³, ]«n, ]q-¨ F-¶o ar-K-§-fp-sS
cq-]-¯n B-{I-an-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv H-Sn hnZy. \n-an-jmÀ-[w sIm-v cq-]w am-dm-\p-Å
I-gn-hv H-Sn-hn-Zy A-dn-bp-¶-hÀ-¡p-s-¶m-Wv hn-izmkw. Cu hn-izm-k-hp-am-bn
_-Ô-s¸-« B-Zn{]-cq-]-§Ä cq-]-s¸-« X-e-ap-d-tbm-Sv tamÀ-^n-Mv F-¶ km-t¦Xn-I
hn-Zy-bp-sS k-lm-b-t¯m-sS B-hn-jvv-I-cn-¡p-¶ cq-]-am-ä Zr-iy-§Ä F-{X
B-g-¯n-em-Wv kw-h-Zn¡p-I F-¶v ]-d-tb--XnÃ-tÃm. am-Pn-¡n-s\ lr-Z-b-t¯m-Sp
tNÀ-¯p ]n-Sn-¡p-¶ H-cp k-aq-l-amb-Xp sIm-m-Wv \-½p-sS kn-\n-a-I-fn-se lm-ky-cw-K-§-fnÂ
t]mepw A-Xn-i-tbm-àn]-cam-b A-{]-Xy-£-am-hÂZr-iy-§Ä B-hÀ-¯n-¨p Im-Wp-¶-sX-¶v
B-Zn {]-cq-]§-sf A-]-{K-Yn-¡p-t¼mÄ a-\-kn-em-¡m-hp-¶-XmWv
BZn-{]-cq-]§-sf {]-[m-\-am-bn aq-¶v hÀ-K-§-f-m-bm-Wv
X-cw-Xn-cn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv.
1) Nn-{XImc-§Ä, 2)
{]-{In-b-IÄ 3) {]-Xn-`m-k-§Ä
kn-\n-a-bp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«v C-h
G-Xp-hn-[w {]-Xy-£-am-Ip-¶p-sh-¶v t\m-¡mw.
1. Nn-{X-Im-c§Ä: `-bw,
`àn, cXn, hm-Õ-eyw, Xp-S§n-b `m-h-§-fp-sS
aqÀ-¯n-I-fm-bn
Im-Wm-hp-¶ a-\p-jymIm-c {]-cq-]§Ä, tZ-h-Xm-cq-]-§Ä sF-Xn-lmkn-I I-Ym-]m-{X§Ä,
P-´p-cq-]§Ä, hr-¯-a-Þ-em-Zn Nn-Ó-§Ä F-¶n-h-sbÃmw Cu hn-`m-K-¯nÂ-s]-Sp¶p.
kn-\n-a-bn-se Zr-iy-km-[y-X-I-fp-sS ]-cn-]qÀ-®-X-¡m-bn I-em
kw-hn-[m-bI-sâ k-lm-b-t¯m-sS H-cp-¡p-¶ Np-aÀ Nn-{X§Ä, a-äp Nn-Ó-§Ä F-¶nh-sb
\nÀ-®-bn-¡p¶-Xv ]-e-t¸mgpw kn-\n-am {k-ãm-hnsâ (kw-hn-[m-bI³/Xn-c-¡-Ym-Ir¯v) A-t_m-[ a-t\m-\n-e-bm-Wv F-¶p- Im-Wmw.
D-Zm-l-c-W-¯n-\v c-Xn Nn-{Xo-I-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ kn-\n-a-I-fn {]-Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶
{]-Xo-Iw hf-sc hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn-¡mW-s¸-Sm-dpv. C-hnsS kw-hn-[m-bI-sâ a-t\m\n-e {]-[m-\ L-S-I-am-hp-¶p F-¶v
hy-à-am-Wv.
2. {]-{In-bIÄ: b-RvPw,
{]-bmWw, cq-]m-´-c {]m-]v-Xn Xp-S§nb tim-I -
`-bm-Sn-Øm-\-am-b-h-bmWv Cu hn-`m-K-¯n DÄ-s¸-Sp-¶Xv.
]qÀ-Æ
P-· ]p-\À-P-·§Ä, D-bnÀ-s¯-gp-t¶Â¸v, H-tc-P-·-¯n X-s¶ ]p\À-P\-\w t]m-ep-Å
am-\knI ]-cn-hÀ-¯-\§Ä, ]p-\À-\-ho-I-c-Wm-\p-jm-\-§Ä C-h-sbÃmw {]-{In-bm cq-]-§-fp-sS
h-Ip-¸nÂ-s]-Sp-¶-XmWv. kn-\n-a-bn-se Zr-iy-§-fn ]qÀ-Æ-P-· ]p-\À-P-·
kq-N-\-I-tf-¡mÄ ]p-\À-P-\\w (H-tc-P-·-¯n X-s¶-bp-Å im-cocn-Iþam-\kn-I
]-cn-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä) BWv Iq-Sp-X Im-WpI.
th-\Â-¡n-\m-hp-IÄ F-¶ Fw-Sn bp-sS
Xn-c-¡-Y-bn \n-¶p-Å `m-Kw t\m-¡p-I.
C-cp-«n \n-¶v D-bÀ-¶p-h-¶-t]m-se
In-S-¡-bn In-S-¡p-¶ A-\n I-®p Xp-d-¶-t¸mÄ B-kv-]{Xn ap-dn-bmWv. hopw
I-®-S-¡p-t¼mÄ B-cpsStbm i-Ðw tIÄ-¡mw.
B tjm-¡mWv. H-¶v sd-kv-äv sN-¿s«. sedative
sâ I-\w Xq-§p-¶ I¬-t]m-f-IÄ {]-bm-k-s¸-«v
Xp-d-¡p-t¼mÄ A-ѳ ]p-d-t¯-¡v t]m-Ip¶-Xv Im-Wmw. H-cp aq-e-bn Zp:Jn-Xbm-b A-½bpw A-½m-bnbpw ImÂ-¡Â B-cm-Wv amÀ-K-cäv. AÃ.
amÀ-K-cäÃ. kXn. kp-µ-cnbm-b k-Xn Zp:J-t¯m-sS kv-t\-l-t¯m-sS t\m-¡p-¶p.
C-hn-sS kn-\n-a-bp-sS Zr-iy-]-cam-b
km[y-X D-]-tbm-Kn-¨v A-\n-en-sâ am-äw B-hn-jv-¡-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ
A-Sn-Øm-\-am-bn-¯o-cp¶-Xv a-{´-hm-Zhpw _m-[ H-gn-¸n-¡epw ]pXn-b hy-ànXzw
cq-]-s¸-Sp-¶-Xp-saÃmw tNÀ-¶ km-aqly-t_m-[-¯n-se BÀ¡n-ssS-¸p-IÄ X-s¶-bm-Wv.
a-Wn-Nn-{X-¯m-gv F-¶ kn-\n-a-bn \m-bn-I I-Ym-]m-{Xam-b Kw-K-bp-sS ]-cn-Wm-aw
{]-ta-b-]-cam-b {]-k-àn-bp-Å-Xm-sW-¦n D-]-I-Ym-]m-{X-§Ä-¡v \Â-Ip-¶ am-äw Cu X-e-¯n-ep-Å-Xm-sW-¶v
Im-Wmw. ]-¸p A-h-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶ I-Ym-]m-{X-t¯m-Sv sh-Å-¯n N-hn-«m-sX kq-£n¡-Ww
F-¶v ]-d-ª ti-j-ap-Å lm-ky-cw-K-§Ä D-Zm-l-cWw.
kn-\n-a-I-fnÂ
B-hÀ-¯n-¨p Im-Wp-¶ ]q-Pmþa-{´hm-Z IÀ-a-§-fp-sS Zr-iy-§Ä {i-²n-¡p-I. C¯-cw
Zr-iy-§-fp-sS {][m-\ D-t±iyw `o-Xn P-\n-¸n-¡p-I-bmWv. t{]-£-I-cp-sS A-t_m[a\ÊnÂ
In-S-¡p-¶ BÀ¡n-ssS-¸pI-sf D-t¯-Pn-¸n-¡m\pw A-Xph-gn `o-Xn-sb ]p-\À-kr-ãn-¡m\pw
A¯-cw Zr-iy-§Ä-¡v F-fp-¸-¯n km-[n-¡p-¶p.
tI-c-fob-sâ t{]-X-k-¦-ev-]w a-c-Wm\-´-c Po-h-s\-¸-än-bp-Å
hn-izm-k-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«p In-S-¡p¶-Xv sIm-v kn-\n-a-bn t{]-X-§Ä
{]-Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶ Zr-iy-§Ä B-hÀ-¯n-¨p h-cp¶-Xv t{]-£I-\v kz-`m-hn-I-am-bn
am-{X-ta tXm-¶p-¶pÅp. Np-a-cn Xq¡n-b Nn-{X-¯n-\v Po-h³ sh-¡p-I, Ip-gn-am-S-¯n-\p
ap-I-fn a-c-W-s¸-« I-Ym-]m{Xw {]-Xy-£-s¸-Sp-I, Po-hn-X-¯n-sâ \nÀ-®m-b-I
k-Ôn-I-fn Po-hn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-hÀ-¡v D-]-tZ-iw \Â-Im³ sRm-Sn-bn-S-bnÂ
{]-Xy-£-s¸Sp-I Xp-S§n-b Zr-iy-§Ä a-e-bm-f kn-\n-a-I-fn [m-cm-fw Im-Wmw.
D-bnÀ-s¯-gp-t¶Â-¸v F¶-Xv H-cp {In-kvXo-b
k-¦Â-¸-am-sW-¦nepw A-Xn-\v tI-cfob s]m-Xp-k-aq-l-¯nepw th-tcm-«-ap-v. C-Xv
kn-\n-a-bn-se kwL-«-\ cw-K§-sf \nÀ-®-bn-¨ H-cp B-Zn {]-cq-]-am-Wv F-¶p-Im-Wmw.
a-c-W-¯n-\p ti-jw D-bnÀ-s¯-gp-t¶-äp F-¶ ]-hn-{Xhpw ssZ-hn-I-hpam-b H-cp
hn-izmk-s¯ Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡p-¶ P-\X-¡v F-{X hen-b ]-X-\-¯n-\p ti-jhpw Xn-cn-sI
hn-P-b-¯n-se-¯m-sa-¶ bp-àn-bn A-kzm-`m-hnI-cw A-\p-`-h-s¸-«nà F¶ ss[-cyw
kw-hn-[m-bI-\v D-]-Im-c-s¸-Sp-¶pv. i-{Xp-¡-fp-sS B-{I-a-W-¯n H-cpth-f
a-c-W-s¸-s«-¶ {]-Xo-Xn D-f-hm¡n-b ti-jw sXm-«-Sp-¯ \n-an-jw X-s¶
D-bnÀ-s¯-gp-t¶-äv {]-Xym-{Ia-Ww \S-¯n hn-P-bn-¡p-¶ \m-b-I I-Ym-]m-{X-§Ä \-½p-sS
an-¡ kn-\n-a-I-fnepw {]-Xy-£-s¸-Sp¶Xv Cu hn-[-amWv.
3. D-Z-bm-kv-X-a-b§Ä, E-Xp-]-cn-Wm-a§Ä, ap-Xem-b {]-Ir-Xn
{]-Xn-`m-k-§Ä DÄ-s¸-Sp-¶-h-bm-Wv aq¶mw hn-`m-K-¯nÂ-s]-« B-Zn-{]-cq-]§Ä.
a-e-bm-fn-bp-sS k-aq-l-t_m-[-a\-Êv
{]-Ir-Xn-bp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-« B-Zn-{]-cq-]-§-fm k-ar-²-amWv. t£-{X-§-fnÂ
\n-¶p-b-cp-¶ kp-{]`m-X IoÀ-¯\w, ]-Ån-I-fn \n-¶p-b-cp-¶ _m-¦p-hn-fn F¶n-h i-Ð
(kw-Ko-X) L-S-I-§-fp-sS ]-Ým-¯-e-¯n {]-Ir-Xn kp-µ-cam-b D-Z-b Zr-iy-§Ä a-ebm-f
kn-\n-a-bn-se Øn-cw Im-gv-N-bmWv. a-g, sh-bnÂ, aªv, Imäv, XpS-§n
Im-em-h-Ø-bp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«pw, {]-Ir-Xn {]-Xn-`m-k-§-fp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«pw,
hy-Xykv-X E-Xp-¡-fp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸«pw \n-ch-[n Zr-iy-§-fmWv Hmtcm
kn-\n-a-I-fn-ep-ap-ÅXv. ImÀ-jn-I-hr-¯n ap-Jy sXm-gn-em-bn-cp-¶ H-cp
k-aq-l-¯n-sâ A-t_m-[ a-\-Ên cq-]-s¸-« BÀ¡n-ssS-¸p-I-fm-Wv C¯-cw Zr-iy-§Ä
hym-]-I-am-bn kzo-Imcy-X t\-Sp-¶-Xn {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶Xv.
kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-I-fn-se¶ t]m-se
kn-\n-a-bnepw B-Zn-{]-cq-]-§Ä-¡v hen-b {]-k-àn-bpv. kn-\n-a-I-fp-sS
hn-e-bn-cp-¯Â ]qÀ-®-am-Ip-¶Xv. A-hÀ-¡p ]n-¶n-se BÀ¡n-ssS-¸p-I-fp-sS kzm-[o-\w
Iq-Sn hn-e-bn-cp-¯p-t¼m-gmWv. F-¶m a-ebm-f kn-\na-sb kw-_-Ôn-¨
B-Zn-{]-cq-]m-[n-jvTn-X-]T-\w \nÀ-Æ-ln-¡-s¸-Sp-¶nÃ. amÀ-Iv-kn-b³ \n-cq-]Ww,
t{^m-bv-Un³ a-\x-im-kv-{X \n-cq-]Ww, kv-{Xo-]-£ \n-cq-]Ww, Z-fn-Xv-]-£
\n-cq]-Ww F-¶n§-s\ hy-Xy-Ø kn-\n-am hm-b-\-IÄ a-e-bm-f-¯n i-à-am-Wv ]-t£
kn-\n-am-ta-J-e-bp-sS h-fÀ¨-¡v A-\n-hm-cy-ambpw i-àn-s¸-tS- H-¶m-Wv
hn-]p-eam-b ]T-\-km-[y-X-bp-Å B-Zn-cq-]m-[n-jvTn-X kn-\n-am-\n-cq]-Ww F-¶v
Nq-n-¡m-Wn¡p-I am-{X-amWv Cu te-J-\-¯n-eq-sS D-t±-in-¨n-«p-ÅXv.
klm-b {K-Ù§Ä:
klm-b {K-Ù§Ä:
- km-ln-Xy \n-cq-]-W-¯n-se Znim-t_m[w. tUm. Fw. eo-em-hXn. tI-c-f km-ln-Xy A-¡mZ-an {]-kn-²o-I-cWw, Xr-ÈqÀ
- Fw.Sn bp-sS Xn-c-¡-YIÄ, Fw.Sn hm-kp-tZ-h³ \mbÀ. Un.kn _p-Ivkv, tIm-«bw.
- a-{´-hm-Zw tI-c-f-¯nÂ, Im-«p-am-Sw \m-cm-bW³, am-Xr-`q-an {K-Ù-thZn, tIm-gn-t¡mSv.
